中国医疗保险体系中的自选择与医疗费用——基于灵活就业人员参保行为的研究

我国社会医疗保险已实现全覆盖,现阶段的主要问题在于医保基金能否实现可持续运行。在现行制度安排下,灵活就业群体参加城镇职工医疗保险可能存在逆选择问题,随着就业形态日趋多样化,这将加剧基金运行的不平衡。本文基于2012-2014年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),利用中国特有的制度特征,在实证上将逆选择效应同道德风险相区分,验证了选择参加城镇职工医保的人群是医疗费用较高的人群。估计表明,自愿选择参加城镇职工医保的人群医疗支出明显高于强制参保群体,大约高78%;而选择参加城镇职工医保的人群医疗支出比选择参加城乡居民医保高约45%。灵活就业人员参加城镇职工医保提升了他们的福利,但如何规避潜在的基金运行风险,是医保制度设计中不可忽视的问题。     

Settlement procedures and stock market efficiency

This study examines why most derivatives markets that settle on the day following expiration choose the opening rather than the closing price as the final settlement price (FSP), whereas most markets that settle on the expiration day select an average rather than a single price as the FSP. Four exogenous changes in the Taiwan Futures Exchange settlement procedures provide an experimental basis for studying the settlement procedures’ impact on underlying assets. Greatest market efficiency is observed when the FSP is determined by a single rather than an average price and hypothesize that manipulation is prevented at the expense of market quality.     

How is Benevolent Leadership Linked to Employee Creativity? The Mediating Role of Leader–Member Exchange and the Moderating Role of Power Distance Orientation

Previous research has shown that virtuous leader behavior in the form of benevolent leadership has considerable impact on employee creativity. However, little is known as to how and under what conditions these constructs are linked. In the current research, we proposed and tested a moderated mediation model positing leader–member exchange (LMX) as a mediator, and employee power-distance orientation as a moderator of this relationship. Two studies were conducted to test our hypothesized model. In Study 1, repeated measured data collected from 284 Chinese employees in an information technology company demonstrated that benevolent leadership had a lagged effect on LMX. In Study 2, analyses of multisource and lagged data from 391 Chinese employees in 42 research and development teams, and their direct supervisors indicated that benevolent leadership was positively related to supervisor-rated employee creativity via LMX. In addition, the relationship between benevolent leadership and LMX was stronger for employees high in power-distance orientation. Theoretical implications of benevolent leadership’s research and practical contributions concerning promoting creativity in organizations where benevolent leaders prevail are also discussed.     

基于遥感蒸散数据的农田灌溉水平评价和设施建设分区研究

[目的]利用遥感蒸散数据快速评价农田年度灌溉水平,及时获取基本农田建设成效,为农田灌溉设施分区建设提供参考。[方法]以黑龙江省海伦市为研究区,MOD16蒸散产品为数据源,计算有效灌溉量、灌溉需水量和作物缺水指数,分别对研究区2013年的旱地和水田灌溉水平进行评价,并将评价结果与农田水利设施作用分值图进行叠加分析,在此基础上进行基本农田灌溉设施建设分区。[结果]2013年海伦市耕地灌溉水平整体较高,区域间建设水平差别较大,可划分为4个级别。其中1级和2级灌溉水平的地块面积比例可达78.06%,地域分布上看,北部、西部、中部乡镇灌溉水平较高,东南部乡镇灌溉水平相对较低。叠加得出8种组合类型,分为设施修建型、设施提升型和设施维护型3种分区类型。[结论]研究为高标准农田建设提供了更详细的农田灌溉水平评价方法和更具差别化的农田灌溉设施建设策略。     

陕西省水文化遗产保护与利用

为系统探讨陕西省水文化遗产的保护与利用,丰富相关理论与实践,按照理论分析-现状分析-对策研究的思路,从陕西省水文化遗产内涵与价值分析出发,对陕西省水文化遗产构成类型进行梳理,指出陕西省水文化遗产历史深厚、类型多样、地域特色明显,河流、水利工程等资源等级较高,诗词、碑刻、民俗等资源存世量大。分析当前在认识理念、管理体制、保护经费等方面存在的问题,提出陕西省水文化遗产建设应着眼于以生态系统修复、人文系统重构、价值系统重塑、产业系统创新、管理系统再造的"全域统筹、理念重构"和基于遗址遗迹型、工程功能型和非物质文化型遗址功能与特征的"分类保护、层级联动"两大核心策略,兼顾"点、线、面"3个空间要素,构建陕西省水文化"点状布局、线状串联、流域覆盖"大遗产格局。     

Move fast,travel slow: the influence of high-speed rail on tourism in Taiwan

High-speed rail (HSR) and tourism are closely related economic activities because improved mobility is perceived to facilitate tourist behavioral changes. This study examines the influence of HSR on the travel patterns of individual tourists in Taiwan in relation to time, space and carbon emissions. A framework is first provided to discuss how changes in the speed of intercity transportation will affect visitors’ choice of the journey, behavior at destinations and trip quality. In addition, HSR is expected to influence five general aspects of travel decisions relating to mobility and trip emissions, including mode selection, travel distance, length of stay per trip, annual travel frequency and total travel days. In the example of Taiwan, information by onsite sampling of 400 domestic travelers found that HSR had a weak influence on travel distance and length of stay per trip, but was observed to facilitate extended time at each stop, a deeper engagement with the locality, and an approximate 10% reduction in transport carbon emissions through intermodal substitution. These phenomena are in line with the slow travel concept of sustainable tourism consumption.     

Can Industrial Restructuring Significantly Reduce Energy Consumption? Evidence from China

This article uses China’s input–output (I-O) tables in 2002, 2007, and 2012 to estimate the real energy consumption of each sector after the I-O adjustment. The relationship between the sectors is further analyzed using the utility analysis method based on ecological network analysis. The empirical results show that although the traditional energy-intensive industries are the major energy-consuming sectors from a direct energy consumption perspective, large energy consumption by energy-intensive industries is transferred to downstream industries through intermediate products after the I-O adjustment. Specifically, the building industry and service sector are the sectors with the highest real energy consumption. With the upgrading and optimization of the industrial structure, the proportion of energy-intensive sectors in China is declining. However, the development of the service sector and infrastructure construction still requires large intermediate inputs. Thus, industrial restructuring cannot significantly reduce China’s total energy consumption.     

股权激励、反收购条款与企业创新

股权激励和反收购措施是公司内外部治理机制的重要方式.文章以2006—2017年沪深两市上市公司为研究样本,将股权激励、反收购条款和企业创新纳入统一分析框架中,考察两种公司治理机制对企业创新的综合影响.研究发现:股权激励显著提升企业创新产出水平,但反收购条款负向调节股权激励对企业创新的促进作用,控制内生性后结论依然成立.进一步分情景分样本进行分析发现,股权激励的创新效果相对稳定,但反收购条款的负向调节作用明显受外界环境和条件的影响,主要体现在市场竞争程度低、股权分散程度低及高管风险偏好程度低的企业中.本文的研究结论对理解股权激励的实施效果及反收购条款的公司治理作用具有一定的参考意义.     

基于Virtual.Lab的某电动车平顺性研究

针对某低速电动车动力学系统建模的问题,采用Virtual.Lab软件的Motion模块,建立整车动力学模型.该模型考虑车身和刚性较弱的主要承重部件的变形,进行刚柔耦合分析,保证整车动力学模型与实车一致.为保证性能的准确评判及考虑实际路面激励,建立低频平顺性和高频平顺性两种平顺性评价工况,基于ISO 2631-1标准,提出每个工况下的评价指标和10个评价位置点.为明确平顺性优化方向,建立整车参数化分析方法,对底盘参数进行灵敏度分析,确定每个参数的影响特性,确定优化对象,为整车平顺性能研究提供一种清晰的分析思路.